GLP-1 Agonist List – An overview of brands and uses

GLP-1 agonists are a class of medications primarily used to manage blood sugar levels in people with Type 2 diabetes and to treat obesity. They are mostly injectable medications given subcutaneously in areas like the belly, outer thighs, upper buttocks, and the backs of arms.

GLP-1 agonists mimic the action of the naturally occurring hormone GLP-1, which is produced in the small intestine. They stimulate insulin release from the pancreas, block glucagon secretion, slow stomach emptying, and increase feelings of fullness after eating, thereby controlling blood sugar levels and potentially aiding in weight loss.

Healthcare providers prescribe GLP-1 agonists for Type 2 diabetes and obesity. For diabetes, they help manage blood sugar levels, and for obesity, they reduce food intake and hunger, leading to weight loss.

The frequency of GLP-1 agonist injections varies by the specific medication. Some common GLP-1 agonists and their frequencies include Dulaglutide (once a week), Exenatide (twice a day), Liraglutide (once a day), and Semaglutide (once a week or daily if taken orally).

Beyond lowering blood sugar levels and aiding in weight loss, GLP-1 agonists may also lower blood pressure, improve lipid disorders and fatty liver disease, reduce the risk of heart and kidney disease, and delay the progression of diabetes-related nephropathy.

Common side effects include loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, mild tachycardia (increased heart rate), infections, headaches, indigestion, and mild itchiness or redness at the injection site.

While generally safe, GLP-1 agonists have some risks, including allergic reactions, low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia), and concerns if used during pregnancy.

Regular appointments are necessary to assess the medication’s effectiveness. You should consult your healthcare provider if you develop side effects, think the medication isn’t working, are considering stopping it, or if you become pregnant or plan to become pregnant.

GLP-1 agonists are primarily considered for patients with Type 2 diabetes with suboptimal glycemic control despite maximum tolerated doses of other medications, especially where weight loss is desired or significant stroke risk is present. They are also used for weight loss in non-diabetic individuals with a BMI over 27.