Table of Contents
Introduction
Weight loss is one of the most common health goals in the world today. Millions of people struggle each year to find safe and effective ways to manage their weight. Traditional methods such as diet, exercise, and lifestyle changes are always recommended as the first steps. However, for many people, these steps are not enough. Because of this, medical treatments for weight loss have become more widely discussed and studied in recent years. Among the many options that people search for online, two names appear again and again: semaglutide and HCG.
Semaglutide is a modern prescription medication that was first created for people with type 2 diabetes. Over time, doctors and researchers noticed that patients taking semaglutide were also losing weight. This discovery led to clinical trials and, eventually, official approval for semaglutide to be used specifically for weight loss. Today, brand names such as Wegovy® and Ozempic® are well known in the media, and many people are asking their doctors about them.
On the other side is HCG, which stands for human chorionic gonadotropin. This is a hormone produced naturally during pregnancy. Decades ago, a diet plan was created that combined injections of HCG with a very low-calorie diet. Supporters of the HCG diet claimed that the hormone could help burn fat, reduce hunger, and make strict dieting easier. For some time, this approach was popular in weight loss clinics and through online programs. However, unlike semaglutide, HCG has never been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a safe or effective treatment for weight loss. In fact, the FDA has issued multiple warnings against its use for this purpose.
Despite these warnings, people still search for information about HCG and semaglutide. This is partly because both names are often mentioned in the same conversations, advertisements, and forums about weight loss. Many individuals want to know whether one option is better than the other, what the risks are, and if either one might be right for them. These questions are important, because making decisions about medical treatments without accurate information can have serious health consequences.
This article is designed to give readers a clear, fact-based comparison between semaglutide and HCG. It will explain how each works in the body, what the scientific evidence shows about their effectiveness, and what risks or side effects they may cause. It will also cover topics such as cost, who might be a candidate for these treatments, and how long results are likely to last. The goal is not to persuade readers to choose one option over the other, but to present reliable medical information in a way that is easy to understand.
One key reason for comparing semaglutide and HCG is the difference in their scientific support. Semaglutide has been studied in large, well-controlled clinical trials. These trials included thousands of people and followed them over long periods of time. The results showed meaningful weight loss that could be sustained when combined with healthy lifestyle changes. Because of this, the FDA approved semaglutide as a weight-loss medication for adults with obesity, or for those who are overweight with weight-related health conditions.
HCG, in contrast, does not have the same level of scientific support. The HCG diet often involves eating only 500 to 800 calories per day, which is far below the recommended daily amount for adults. Any weight loss that occurs on this diet is usually due to the extreme calorie restriction, not the hormone itself. Studies have not shown that HCG injections add any benefit beyond the effects of the low-calorie diet. In fact, many health experts warn that such restrictive diets can lead to muscle loss, nutrient deficiencies, and other health problems.
Another reason for public interest is safety. People want to know if semaglutide or HCG will cause side effects or harm. Semaglutide, like all medications, has risks, but these are documented and monitored by healthcare providers. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and stomach upset, while rare but serious risks include pancreatitis. HCG, when used for weight loss, has risks that are less clearly defined because it is not approved or regulated for this purpose. This lack of official oversight makes it harder to predict or manage safety concerns.
In addition to effectiveness and safety, many people are curious about practical details such as cost and access. Semaglutide can be expensive, especially without insurance coverage, but it is available through licensed pharmacies and prescribed by doctors. HCG injections are often offered by weight loss clinics, sometimes at lower prices, but patients must be aware that the treatment is not officially recognized as safe or effective.
By exploring these topics, this article will provide readers with a thorough understanding of semaglutide and HCG in the context of weight loss. Each section will focus on one of the most common questions that people ask search engines, from “How does semaglutide work?” to “Is the HCG diet safe?” and “What results can I expect?” By the end, readers will have the tools they need to make informed decisions in consultation with their healthcare providers.
Weight loss is not just about appearance—it is closely tied to overall health. Conditions such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease are often linked to excess weight. Finding safe and effective ways to reduce weight can lower the risk of these diseases and improve quality of life. That is why the comparison between semaglutide and HCG is not only about losing pounds, but also about long-term health and well-being.
In the following sections, we will look more closely at what semaglutide and HCG are, how they differ, and what patients should know before considering them. With a focus on clear explanations and evidence-based facts, this article aims to cut through confusion and give readers answers they can trust.
What Are Semaglutide and HCG?
When comparing semaglutide and HCG for weight loss, it is important to first understand what each of these substances is, where they come from, and how they are used in medicine. Both sound scientific and are often discussed in weight management programs, but they are very different in their origin, approval status, and intended purpose.
What Is Semaglutide?
Semaglutide is a medicine that belongs to a group of drugs called GLP-1 receptor agonists. GLP-1 stands for glucagon-like peptide-1, which is a natural hormone made in the body. This hormone helps control blood sugar levels and appetite. Semaglutide was first developed to treat type 2 diabetes, and later studies showed that it also caused significant weight loss in many patients.
Semaglutide is available in two main brand name products:
- Ozempic® – approved for type 2 diabetes management.
- Wegovy® – approved for chronic weight management in people with obesity or overweight who also have weight-related health problems.
Both medications contain the same active ingredient, semaglutide, but they are approved for different uses and may come in different doses.
How it is given:
Semaglutide is injected under the skin once a week using a pre-filled pen. Some research is also exploring oral versions, but the injection form is the most common for weight loss.
Approval status:
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has fully approved semaglutide (Wegovy®) for weight loss in adults and some adolescents. This makes it an evidence-based option that is considered safe and effective when prescribed under medical supervision.
What Is HCG?
HCG stands for human chorionic gonadotropin. This is a hormone naturally produced during pregnancy. Its main role in the body is to support the early stages of pregnancy by maintaining hormone levels that keep the uterine lining healthy.
Because HCG is a natural hormone, it has medical uses in fertility treatment. For example, doctors may prescribe HCG injections to help trigger ovulation in women undergoing fertility therapy or to support testosterone production in men with certain hormonal problems.
Use in weight loss:
The use of HCG for weight loss started in the 1950s. A doctor named Albert Simeons proposed that small doses of HCG combined with a very low-calorie diet (VLCD) could promote fat loss while reducing hunger. The diet often restricted people to as little as 500–800 calories per day, far below normal intake.
Since then, many weight loss clinics have continued to offer HCG injections, drops, or pills as part of structured “HCG diet” programs.
Approval status:
The FDA has not approved HCG for weight loss. In fact, the FDA requires labels on over-the-counter HCG products to state that they are not effective for weight reduction. The agency has also issued warnings against HCG diet products, especially those sold online, because of safety concerns and lack of scientific proof that HCG itself causes fat loss.
Key Differences Between Semaglutide and HCG
- Origin
- Semaglutide: A man-made medicine designed to mimic a natural gut hormone (GLP-1).
- HCG: A natural hormone made by the placenta during pregnancy.
- Semaglutide: A man-made medicine designed to mimic a natural gut hormone (GLP-1).
- Primary Medical Use
- Semaglutide: Approved for type 2 diabetes and chronic weight management.
- HCG: Approved only for fertility treatments, not for weight loss.
- Semaglutide: Approved for type 2 diabetes and chronic weight management.
- Form of Use
- Semaglutide: Typically given as a weekly injection with a measured dose.
- HCG: Offered as injections, drops, or pills in weight loss clinics, though not FDA-approved for this purpose.
- Semaglutide: Typically given as a weekly injection with a measured dose.
- Regulatory Approval
- Semaglutide: FDA-approved for weight loss (Wegovy®) and diabetes (Ozempic®).
- HCG: Not FDA-approved for weight loss. In fact, FDA discourages its use in this way.
- Semaglutide: FDA-approved for weight loss (Wegovy®) and diabetes (Ozempic®).
Why This Comparison Matters
At first glance, both semaglutide and HCG are described as “hormone-based” options for weight loss. This similarity can make them seem comparable. However, their scientific background and approval status are very different. Semaglutide is supported by large clinical studies and has undergone strict FDA review. HCG’s role in weight loss, on the other hand, has not been proven by strong scientific evidence. Most reported results from HCG diets are thought to come from the extreme calorie restriction, not from the hormone itself.
How Do They Work in the Body?
When comparing semaglutide and HCG for weight loss, it is important to understand how each works inside the body. Even though both are used for weight loss, they act in very different ways. One is supported by strong scientific evidence and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), while the other is not. Let’s look at how each one works, starting with semaglutide.
Semaglutide: A Modern Medication for Appetite and Blood Sugar Control
Semaglutide belongs to a class of medicines called GLP-1 receptor agonists. GLP-1 stands for “glucagon-like peptide-1.” This is a natural hormone in the body that helps control both appetite and blood sugar.
When semaglutide is given as a medication, it acts in several ways:
- Slows stomach emptying
- Normally, after you eat, food leaves your stomach and moves into your small intestine fairly quickly.
- Semaglutide slows this process down.
- As a result, you feel full for longer after meals, which makes it easier to eat less food throughout the day.
- Normally, after you eat, food leaves your stomach and moves into your small intestine fairly quickly.
- Reduces appetite in the brain
- GLP-1 hormones work on special areas of the brain that control hunger and satiety (the feeling of fullness).
- By activating these areas, semaglutide lowers the drive to eat and reduces food cravings.
- Patients often report feeling satisfied with smaller portions.
- GLP-1 hormones work on special areas of the brain that control hunger and satiety (the feeling of fullness).
- Helps regulate blood sugar
- GLP-1 hormones also signal the pancreas to release insulin when blood sugar levels are high.
- Insulin helps move sugar from the blood into the cells, where it can be used for energy.
- This not only benefits people with type 2 diabetes but also helps control hunger swings that can come from unstable blood sugar.
- GLP-1 hormones also signal the pancreas to release insulin when blood sugar levels are high.
These combined actions explain why semaglutide is effective for weight loss. It is not a stimulant, and it does not directly increase metabolism. Instead, it changes how the body responds to food, hunger, and fullness.
Some common brand names of semaglutide are Ozempic®, used for type 2 diabetes, and Wegovy®, approved for weight management in people with obesity or overweight.
HCG: A Hormone from Pregnancy with Questionable Effects
HCG stands for human chorionic gonadotropin. It is a hormone made naturally during pregnancy. Doctors often test for HCG in blood or urine to confirm pregnancy. HCG also plays a role in supporting the growth of the placenta and the early stages of fetal development.
When used for weight loss, HCG is usually given as an injection, sometimes along with drops or pills sold by clinics. Supporters of the “HCG diet” claim that it works in several ways:
- Mobilizing fat stores
- The theory is that HCG signals the body to release fat from storage, particularly “abnormal fat” in areas like the hips, thighs, and belly.
- Supporters say this makes fat available for energy, especially when calories are very restricted.
- The theory is that HCG signals the body to release fat from storage, particularly “abnormal fat” in areas like the hips, thighs, and belly.
- Reducing hunger
- Some clinics claim that HCG reduces appetite, allowing people to follow an extremely low-calorie diet—often only 500 calories per day—without intense hunger.
- However, scientific studies do not support this claim. Most evidence shows that hunger is reduced mainly because of calorie restriction itself, not because of HCG.
- Some clinics claim that HCG reduces appetite, allowing people to follow an extremely low-calorie diet—often only 500 calories per day—without intense hunger.
- Protecting muscle mass
- Another claim is that HCG helps preserve muscle tissue while the body burns fat.
- Again, research does not confirm this. On such low-calorie diets, muscle loss can still happen, and HCG has not been proven to prevent it.
- Another claim is that HCG helps preserve muscle tissue while the body burns fat.
Scientific Consensus on HCG vs. Semaglutide
The scientific community widely agrees that semaglutide works in a clear, proven way by mimicking a natural hormone (GLP-1) that regulates appetite and digestion. This mechanism has been confirmed in large clinical trials and is supported by the FDA for both diabetes and weight management.
In contrast, the claims about HCG and weight loss have not been proven. Studies comparing people who took HCG with people who only followed the strict diet found no meaningful difference in weight loss or hunger levels. The extreme low-calorie diet itself, not the hormone, appears to be the reason for weight loss.
Effectiveness for Weight Loss
When people think about weight loss treatments, the first question is usually: “Does it work?” To answer this, we need to look closely at how much weight people can lose with semaglutide compared to HCG. Both have been used in different ways, but the evidence behind them is very different.
Effectiveness of Semaglutide
Semaglutide is the active ingredient in medicines such as Wegovy® and Ozempic®. It was first made for type 2 diabetes, but doctors noticed patients were also losing weight. This led to large clinical trials to see how well it works for obesity.
- Clinical trial results: In the STEP program of studies, people with obesity who took semaglutide 2.4 mg once a week lost an average of about 15% of their body weight over 68 weeks. Some lost even more, up to 20% of body weight.
- Comparison to lifestyle changes: In the same studies, people who only made diet and exercise changes lost about 2–3% of their weight. This shows semaglutide can make a much bigger difference.
- Sustainability: Semaglutide works as long as it is continued. Some studies show that when people stop taking it, they may regain part of the lost weight over time. This means it often works best as part of a long-term plan, with ongoing healthy eating and activity.
These results make semaglutide one of the most effective weight loss medicines approved today.
Effectiveness of HCG
HCG stands for human chorionic gonadotropin, a hormone made naturally in pregnancy. Decades ago, some doctors began using it along with a very low-calorie diet (often only 500 calories per day). This became known as the “HCG diet.”
- Reported results: Many people on the HCG diet have lost weight. However, most experts agree that the weight loss comes from eating so few calories, not from the hormone itself.
- Scientific studies: Research studies comparing HCG injections to placebo (injections with no hormone) have not shown a meaningful difference. In other words, people lost the same amount of weight whether they got HCG or not—because both groups were eating a very strict low-calorie diet.
- Short-term vs. long-term: Because the diet is so extreme, people can lose weight quickly in the short term. But studies show that most people regain the weight once they return to normal eating. There is little evidence that HCG helps maintain weight loss.
Head-to-Head Comparison
Now let’s place semaglutide and HCG side by side in terms of results.
- Amount of weight lost:
- Semaglutide: On average, 12–15% of body weight lost in about a year.
- HCG diet: Weight loss depends on calorie restriction, often 10–20 pounds in a few weeks, but not sustained once the diet ends.
- Semaglutide: On average, 12–15% of body weight lost in about a year.
- Evidence strength:
- Semaglutide: Supported by large, well-designed trials with thousands of participants. Results are published in leading medical journals.
- HCG: Limited and older studies, often with small groups, showing no real benefit beyond calorie restriction.
- Semaglutide: Supported by large, well-designed trials with thousands of participants. Results are published in leading medical journals.
- Sustainability:
- Semaglutide: Long-term benefits possible if the medicine is continued along with lifestyle changes.
- HCG: No proven long-term success; weight regain is very common.
- Semaglutide: Long-term benefits possible if the medicine is continued along with lifestyle changes.
Why the Difference Exists
The difference in results comes from how each works. Semaglutide changes the way the body processes hunger and satiety. It helps people feel full longer and reduces cravings, which makes it easier to stay on a healthy eating plan.
HCG, on the other hand, has no proven effect on hunger or fat burning. Any weight loss from HCG is almost always linked to the extremely low-calorie diet paired with it. Eating only 500 calories a day will cause weight loss for almost anyone, but this level of restriction is not safe or sustainable for most people.
If we look purely at effectiveness, semaglutide clearly outperforms HCG. One is supported by solid clinical data and approved by the FDA for weight management. The other is not backed by science for this purpose, and its results mostly come from unsafely low-calorie diets.
Safety and Side Effects
When people think about taking medicine or hormones for weight loss, one of the most important questions is: Is it safe? Both semaglutide and HCG have risks and side effects that you need to understand before starting treatment. In this section, we will go step by step through the common and serious side effects of each option, how they happen in the body, and what doctors know about long-term safety.
Safety Profile of Semaglutide
What is semaglutide?
Semaglutide is a medicine that belongs to a group called GLP-1 receptor agonists. It is sold under brand names like Ozempic® (for diabetes) and Wegovy® (for weight loss). It has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a treatment for obesity. This means it has gone through many studies to test how well it works and how safe it is.
Common side effects of semaglutide
Most people notice side effects related to the stomach and digestion. This is because semaglutide slows how fast the stomach empties and changes how the brain feels hunger. The most common side effects are:
- Nausea: feeling sick to your stomach.
- Vomiting: throwing up, usually in the first weeks.
- Diarrhea: loose or watery stools.
- Constipation: trouble passing stools.
- Abdominal pain: stomach aches or cramps.
These side effects are often strongest when a person starts the medicine or when the dose increases. Doctors usually begin with a small dose and increase it slowly to help the body adjust. For most people, these side effects get better over time.
Serious risks of semaglutide
Although rare, there are some serious health concerns to know about:
- Pancreatitis: inflammation of the pancreas, a gland that helps digest food. Signs include severe stomach pain, nausea, and vomiting.
- Gallbladder problems: such as gallstones or inflammation.
- Kidney problems: dehydration from vomiting or diarrhea can sometimes hurt kidney function.
- Possible thyroid tumors: studies in animals have shown an increased risk of thyroid C-cell tumors. Because of this, people with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer should not use semaglutide.
Who should avoid semaglutide?
- People with a history of certain thyroid cancers.
- People with type 1 diabetes (semaglutide is not a replacement for insulin).
- Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Doctors always check a patient’s medical history before starting semaglutide to make sure it is safe for them.
Safety Profile of HCG
What is HCG?
HCG stands for human chorionic gonadotropin. It is a hormone the body makes during pregnancy. In weight loss programs, it is often given as shots or drops, combined with a very low-calorie diet (usually 500–800 calories a day).
Common side effects of HCG
HCG can affect hormone balance in the body, leading to side effects such as:
- Headaches: from hormone changes and low calorie intake.
- Irritability or mood swings: changes in hormone levels can affect mood.
- Fatigue: extreme tiredness, often due to very low calorie intake.
- Swelling or fluid retention: some people notice puffiness in their hands, feet, or ankles.
- Breast tenderness or swelling in men: because HCG can affect sex hormones.
Serious risks of HCG
The FDA has warned that HCG is not safe or effective for weight loss. Serious risks include:
- Blood clots: HCG can increase the chance of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which can be life-threatening if a clot travels to the lungs.
- Electrolyte imbalance: very low-calorie diets can cause dangerous changes in salts and minerals in the blood, leading to heart rhythm problems.
- Muscle loss and malnutrition: the body may break down muscle instead of fat when calories are too restricted.
- Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (in women using HCG for fertility): can cause severe pain, swelling, and fluid buildup.
FDA stance on HCG
The FDA has made it clear that HCG should not be used for weight loss. Over-the-counter HCG products, such as drops and pellets, are considered illegal. Prescription HCG is approved only for fertility treatment, not for obesity. This means that people taking HCG for weight loss are often doing so through off-label or non-approved programs.
Comparing Safety of Semaglutide and HCG
- Approval: Semaglutide is FDA-approved for obesity; HCG is not.
- Evidence: Semaglutide has strong clinical trial data on safety and effectiveness. HCG does not have scientific evidence supporting its safety for weight loss.
- Side effects: Semaglutide mainly affects the digestive system; HCG can cause hormonal side effects and serious risks like blood clots.
- Long-term safety: Semaglutide has ongoing research and safety monitoring. HCG for weight loss is not studied long term and carries higher risks.
Semaglutide and HCG are very different when it comes to safety. Semaglutide is an approved medicine with known side effects that can usually be managed under a doctor’s care. HCG, on the other hand, is not approved for weight loss and comes with serious health risks, especially when combined with extreme calorie restriction. Anyone thinking about weight loss treatments should talk to a licensed healthcare provider and consider these safety differences carefully.
FDA Approval and Legitimacy
When looking at weight loss treatments, one of the most important questions is whether the drug or product is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). FDA approval matters because it shows that a treatment has been carefully tested for safety, effectiveness, and quality. It also means doctors can prescribe the medicine knowing that strong evidence supports its use. In this section, we will explore the FDA status of semaglutide and HCG, what it means for patients, and why this difference is so important.
FDA Approval of Semaglutide
Semaglutide is a prescription drug that belongs to a class of medicines called GLP-1 receptor agonists. It was first approved by the FDA in 2017 under the brand name Ozempic® to treat type 2 diabetes. Later, research showed that semaglutide also helps many people lose weight by reducing appetite and making them feel full faster. Because of this, the FDA approved a higher-dose version of semaglutide in 2021 under the brand name Wegovy® specifically for weight management.
The approval of Wegovy® was based on large clinical trials. In these studies, patients who took semaglutide lost significantly more weight than patients who only changed their diet and exercise. Many participants lost 15% or more of their body weight, which is much higher than most other prescription weight loss medications. Because the studies were high quality, involved thousands of people, and were reviewed by independent experts, the FDA gave its official approval.
This approval means that semaglutide is considered both safe and effective when used as directed. It also means that doctors can confidently prescribe it for adults who meet the medical criteria, such as those with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher, or those with a BMI of 27 or higher who also have weight-related health conditions like high blood pressure or type 2 diabetes.
FDA’s Position on HCG
HCG, which stands for human chorionic gonadotropin, is a hormone naturally made by the body during pregnancy. In the 1950s, some doctors began using HCG as part of very low-calorie diet programs. The idea was that HCG could help “reset” metabolism and encourage fat loss. However, decades of research have not proven these claims.
The FDA has made it very clear that HCG is not approved for weight loss. In fact, the agency has issued multiple warnings against using HCG diet products. According to the FDA, HCG injections or drops marketed for weight loss are considered fraudulent and illegal when sold for that purpose. The FDA requires that any HCG products state on the label: “There is no substantial evidence that HCG increases weight loss beyond that resulting from caloric restriction.”
In other words, the FDA says that if people lose weight on an HCG diet, it is almost always because of the extreme calorie restriction (often 500–800 calories per day), not because of the hormone itself. Very low-calorie diets on their own can lead to weight loss, but they are also risky without medical supervision.
Why FDA Approval Status Matters
The difference between semaglutide and HCG highlights why FDA approval is so important.
- Evidence of effectiveness: Semaglutide has been tested in large, well-designed studies and shown to help people lose significant weight. HCG has not shown consistent or convincing evidence of benefit for weight loss.
- Safety standards: FDA-approved drugs must pass strict safety checks. Side effects are carefully tracked, and the drug is only allowed on the market if the benefits outweigh the risks. HCG diet products have not passed these safety standards for weight management.
- Legal use: Doctors can prescribe semaglutide legally for obesity treatment. By contrast, selling HCG for weight loss is against FDA rules. Some clinics still offer it, but this use is not backed by federal approval.
- Trust for patients: When patients use an FDA-approved drug like Wegovy®, they know the medicine has gone through years of review. With HCG, patients may be relying on claims that are not supported by solid science.
Implications for Patients and Providers
For patients, the FDA approval of semaglutide means they can access a treatment that is supported by strong research and regulated for safety. Insurance companies are also more likely to cover medications that have FDA approval for weight loss, which can make semaglutide more accessible.
For HCG, the lack of FDA approval creates serious concerns. Patients who choose HCG programs may be spending money on a treatment that does not work as advertised. They may also be exposed to risks from severe calorie restriction, hormone injections, or unregulated products bought online.
Healthcare providers must also follow FDA guidance. Prescribing or promoting HCG for weight loss may place providers at legal and ethical risk. By contrast, prescribing semaglutide for eligible patients is a standard, evidence-based practice.
Semaglutide is an FDA-approved medication for weight loss, available under the brand Wegovy®. It has been tested in large clinical trials and shown to be both safe and effective when prescribed correctly. HCG, on the other hand, is not FDA-approved for weight loss. The FDA has issued strong warnings against its use in diet programs, stating that it is not effective beyond the impact of extreme calorie restriction.
Who Is a Candidate for Semaglutide or HCG?
When people look at medical treatments for weight loss, one of the first questions they ask is: Am I a good fit for this treatment? Not every medicine or program works for every person. The answer depends on health history, weight goals, medical conditions, and what doctors recommend. In this section, we will look closely at who might be considered a candidate for semaglutide and who might be considered a candidate for HCG, as well as what rules or warnings apply.
Candidates for Semaglutide
Semaglutide is a prescription medicine. It is sold under brand names like Ozempic® (mainly for type 2 diabetes) and Wegovy® (approved for weight loss). Doctors use guidelines to decide if someone qualifies.
Weight and Body Mass Index (BMI)
Most adults may be considered for semaglutide if:
- They have a BMI of 30 or higher, which is the medical definition of obesity.
- Or, they have a BMI of 27 or higher and at least one weight-related condition. Common examples include high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, or high cholesterol.
These cut-off points come from clinical research and are also written into FDA approval guidelines for Wegovy®.
Health Conditions That Matter
Semaglutide is often suggested for people who have serious health problems connected to their weight. These include:
- Type 2 diabetes: Many patients with diabetes are already prescribed semaglutide in the form of Ozempic®. Weight loss from the medicine is an added benefit.
- Heart disease or risk factors: Some studies show semaglutide may lower certain risks related to the heart in people who are overweight or have diabetes.
- Sleep apnea, fatty liver disease, or joint pain: Conditions like these can improve if weight is reduced.
When Semaglutide May Not Be a Fit
Semaglutide is not for everyone. Doctors usually avoid it in people with:
- A personal or family history of certain types of thyroid cancer (specifically medullary thyroid carcinoma).
- A rare condition called Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2).
- A history of pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas).
- Serious allergies to ingredients in the injection.
Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should not use semaglutide. Clinical trials do not support safety in those groups.
Supervision and Monitoring
Patients who start semaglutide need regular check-ins with their healthcare provider. Doctors will monitor:
- Blood sugar and A1C levels in people with diabetes.
- Weight changes and side effects like nausea or stomach upset.
- Long-term safety and overall health progress.
Semaglutide requires a prescription and close medical care, not just a one-time treatment.
Candidates for HCG
HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) is very different. It is a hormone made during pregnancy. Some weight loss clinics use it as part of the “HCG diet,” usually mixed with a very low-calorie eating plan.
Who Typically Seeks HCG Programs
People often turn to HCG programs when:
- They want rapid weight loss.
- They are looking for alternatives to traditional diet and exercise.
- They hear about it through clinics, online programs, or friends.
Unlike semaglutide, HCG is not FDA-approved for weight loss. In fact, the FDA has warned that using HCG for weight loss is unsafe and not supported by science. This means there are no official medical guidelines on who should use it.
Requirements Set by Clinics
Because HCG is not approved, the rules can vary widely. Some clinics may:
- Accept almost any adult who wants to join.
- Require blood work or a short health history form.
- Limit it to people without serious heart, kidney, or liver disease.
However, these requirements are set by the clinics themselves, not by large medical groups or the FDA.
Risks With HCG Candidates
The biggest issue is not who can take HCG, but whether it is safe at all. Most HCG programs include a diet of only 500 to 800 calories per day, which is far below what most adults need. People who try this may face:
- Nutrient deficiencies.
- Muscle loss instead of fat loss.
- Fatigue, dizziness, and fainting.
- Serious risks for those with medical conditions.
Pregnant women, breastfeeding women, and people with hormone-sensitive cancers should never use HCG.
Comparing Candidate Profiles
To summarize:
- Semaglutide is for adults with obesity or overweight plus health problems, and it is backed by strong research and FDA approval. Careful screening by doctors is required.
- HCG is used by some weight loss clinics but has no FDA approval and no scientific support for safe use. Candidate rules are inconsistent, and risks are much higher.
The Role of Medical Supervision
For both semaglutide and HCG, medical supervision matters. With semaglutide, supervision is part of the official treatment plan. With HCG, any supervision is decided by the clinic.
It is important to note that no one should try these treatments without talking to a licensed healthcare provider. What works for one person may not be safe for another, and careful screening is the key to reducing risks.
Cost and Accessibility
When people think about weight loss treatments, one of the first questions that comes up is, “How much does it cost, and can I actually get it?” Cost and access are important factors when choosing between semaglutide and HCG. Both treatments can be expensive, but the reasons for their costs and how patients get them are very different.
Average Cost of Semaglutide
Semaglutide is sold under brand names such as Ozempic® (approved for type 2 diabetes) and Wegovy® (approved specifically for weight management). These brand-name medications are made by a large pharmaceutical company, and that means the price can be high. In the United States, the average monthly cost is often between $1,000 and $1,500 without insurance. Some patients pay less if their insurance covers part of the cost, but many insurance plans are still strict about who qualifies.
Insurance companies usually require proof that the patient meets medical guidelines before they agree to pay. For example, patients may need to show that they have a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher, or a BMI of 27 with another condition such as type 2 diabetes or high blood pressure. Even then, not all insurance plans cover semaglutide for weight loss. Coverage is more common when the medication is prescribed for diabetes under the name Ozempic®, but not as common for obesity under Wegovy®.
There are also copay cards or manufacturer assistance programs that may help reduce the cost for some patients, but these programs often exclude people with government-based insurance such as Medicare or Medicaid. For patients paying out of pocket, the price can be a barrier to long-term use. Since semaglutide is usually taken for many months or even years, costs can add up quickly.
Average Cost of HCG
HCG injections are usually provided by weight loss clinics rather than traditional pharmacies. Because the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved HCG for weight loss, it is not usually covered by insurance. Patients must pay out of pocket.
The cost of HCG treatment can vary widely, depending on the clinic and the package offered. Some clinics charge between $200 and $500 per month, while others may charge closer to $800 to $1,000 for a complete program that includes consultations, diet plans, and follow-up visits. In many cases, the injection is combined with a very low-calorie diet (often 500 to 800 calories per day), so the price may also include supplements, vitamins, or special food guides.
Because clinics set their own prices, there is no standard cost for HCG therapy. Patients might find cheaper or more expensive options depending on location. However, since insurance almost never covers HCG for weight loss, patients need to be prepared for ongoing out-of-pocket expenses if they plan to repeat cycles.
Accessibility of Semaglutide
Getting semaglutide requires a prescription from a licensed healthcare provider. Patients usually start by visiting their primary care doctor, an endocrinologist, or a weight management specialist. If the provider believes semaglutide is appropriate, they write a prescription that can be filled at a retail or specialty pharmacy.
The main barriers to access are:
- High cost without insurance
- Limited insurance coverage for obesity
- Pharmacy shortages – At times, there have been supply shortages of Wegovy® and Ozempic®, making it difficult for patients to fill prescriptions even if they can afford them.
Another issue is that semaglutide comes as a weekly injection. Some patients may feel nervous about giving themselves shots, although the injection device is designed to be simple and user-friendly.
Accessibility of HCG
HCG is most often offered through private weight loss clinics. Patients usually cannot get it at a regular pharmacy. Instead, they sign up for a clinic program where the injections are given in-office or sent home after instruction.
Because HCG for weight loss is not FDA-approved, accessibility depends heavily on local laws and how each clinic operates. In some states, clinics may face stricter rules about compounding and providing HCG. Online telehealth services also advertise HCG weight loss programs, where patients pay for packages that include consultations, diet plans, and mailed injections.
The main barriers to access are:
- Out-of-pocket cost with no insurance coverage
- FDA warnings – The FDA has stated that HCG is not safe or effective for weight loss, which means patients take on extra risk when using it.
- Dependence on clinics – Unlike semaglutide, which is available at most pharmacies once prescribed, HCG access is limited to specific providers and weight loss centers.
Comparing the Two
- Semaglutide: Higher monthly cost overall, but may be covered by insurance for some patients. Widely available through pharmacies, though shortages can occur. Requires ongoing prescriptions.
- HCG: Lower monthly cost in many cases, but no insurance coverage. Only available through specialized clinics. FDA does not support its use for weight loss.
Semaglutide is expensive but has the support of scientific studies and FDA approval. Insurance may help, but many patients pay a lot out of pocket. HCG is usually cheaper, but patients must pay fully themselves, and it comes with extra risks since it is not approved for weight loss. Accessibility depends on whether a patient chooses to work with a weight loss clinic for HCG or a licensed healthcare provider for semaglutide.
Diet and Lifestyle Considerations
When comparing semaglutide and HCG for weight loss, one of the most important differences is how each treatment works with diet and lifestyle changes. Both medications are often paired with specific eating plans, but the approaches are very different. Understanding these differences can help explain why people may experience very different results.
Semaglutide and Everyday Diet
Semaglutide, sold under brand names like Wegovy® and Ozempic®, is designed to work best when combined with a healthy lifestyle. Doctors usually recommend it as part of a long-term plan for weight management. This plan often includes:
- Balanced eating: Patients are encouraged to follow a diet with lean proteins, whole grains, vegetables, and fruits.
- Portion control: Because semaglutide slows down stomach emptying and reduces appetite, many people naturally eat smaller portions.
- Steady calorie reduction: Unlike crash diets, calorie intake is reduced moderately, allowing patients to get enough nutrients while still losing weight.
Semaglutide does not require a special “semaglutide diet.” Instead, it supports gradual and sustainable lifestyle changes. Many doctors encourage their patients to follow the same heart-healthy diet used for diabetes and cardiovascular disease prevention. Examples include the Mediterranean diet or the DASH diet, both of which are balanced and maintainable long term.
Exercise and Activity with Semaglutide
Exercise is a key part of any weight management plan. People taking semaglutide are advised to aim for 150 minutes of moderate activity per week. This might mean brisk walking, swimming, or cycling. Strength training is also recommended at least twice per week to help maintain muscle mass.
Because semaglutide lowers appetite, some patients may experience fatigue if they don’t eat enough. Doctors usually remind patients to fuel their bodies properly before exercise. Still, semaglutide generally supports an active lifestyle rather than limiting it.
HCG and Very Low-Calorie Diets
The HCG diet takes a very different approach. HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) is often paired with a very low-calorie diet (VLCD). This usually means eating only 500–800 calories per day, which is far below normal needs for adults. A typical VLCD on the HCG diet may include:
- Small portions of lean meat or fish.
- Limited amounts of vegetables.
- Very few carbohydrates and almost no fats.
- No sugars, starches, or alcohol.
The idea is that HCG injections or drops will protect lean muscle while forcing the body to burn fat. However, scientific studies have shown that most of the weight loss is due to the extreme calorie restriction, not the HCG hormone itself.
Risks of the HCG Diet Plan
Eating only 500–800 calories per day comes with risks. Such a low intake can lead to nutrient deficiencies, fatigue, and dizziness. The body may not get enough vitamins, minerals, or protein to function well. Over time, this can harm the heart, bones, and muscles.
Another challenge is that extreme diets are difficult to sustain. Many people regain weight quickly once they return to normal eating. This is sometimes called “yo-yo dieting,” which can make long-term weight management harder.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has specifically warned against using HCG for weight loss, stating that it is not approved for this purpose and that the diet is unsafe without medical supervision.
Comparing Lifestyle Demands
When looking at both treatments side by side, the lifestyle requirements are very different:
- Semaglutide: Encourages moderate changes that fit into everyday life. Patients can eat a wide variety of foods, stay active, and learn long-term habits that support health.
- HCG: Requires strict, short-term calorie restriction that often cuts out major food groups. This approach is difficult to maintain and may put health at risk.
In practice, semaglutide is meant to support a balanced lifestyle, while the HCG diet is centered around a highly restrictive plan that is not sustainable.
Long-Term Sustainability
One of the biggest differences is sustainability. Semaglutide is often taken for months or even years, and patients are encouraged to make lasting changes to diet and exercise habits. Even if the medication is stopped, some healthy habits may continue.
With HCG, the strict diet usually lasts only a few weeks at a time. Most people return to their usual eating patterns after stopping, which increases the chance of weight regain. Because of this, the long-term success rates for HCG are much lower compared to semaglutide.
Duration of Treatment and Long-Term Outcomes
When thinking about weight loss treatments, it is important to look beyond the first few weeks. Many people want to know how long they will need to take a medication or follow a program, and whether the results will last. In this section, we compare how long people usually use semaglutide and HCG, what happens when treatment stops, and what the research says about long-term weight control.
How Long Do People Use Semaglutide?
Semaglutide is designed for long-term use. Doctors prescribe it as a chronic treatment for obesity, similar to how medicines are prescribed for high blood pressure or diabetes. Clinical studies often look at results over one to two years, and some people continue beyond that under medical guidance.
- Typical duration: People often use semaglutide for at least 6 months to 1 year before deciding if they want to continue.
- Ongoing treatment: Many people stay on it as long as it helps them manage weight and their doctor feels it is safe.
- Stopping semaglutide: Research shows that if a person stops taking semaglutide, much of the lost weight can return within several months. This is because appetite often increases again once the drug is no longer in the system.
This makes it clear that semaglutide is not a short-term fix. It works best when combined with lifestyle changes such as healthier eating and more physical activity. Doctors often remind patients that weight management is a lifelong effort, and medication can be one tool to help.
How Long Do People Use HCG?
The HCG diet is very different. It is usually done in short cycles that last several weeks. A common version includes daily HCG injections along with a very low-calorie diet, often around 500 to 800 calories a day.
- Typical duration: HCG cycles often last 3 to 6 weeks.
- Repeat cycles: Some clinics recommend repeating the cycle after a break if more weight loss is desired.
- Stopping HCG: Once the injections stop, people often return to regular eating. Without a strong long-term plan, weight regain is common.
Unlike semaglutide, HCG is not meant to be taken long term. It is usually marketed as a rapid weight-loss method, but because the diet is so low in calories, much of the weight loss may come from muscle and water, not fat. This makes it harder to keep the weight off once normal eating returns.
Long-Term Outcomes With Semaglutide
Semaglutide has been studied in large clinical trials. Results show:
- Significant weight loss: On average, people can lose around 10–15% of their body weight in one year. Some lose even more.
- Maintenance of weight loss: When people continue treatment along with healthy habits, they often keep the weight off.
- Challenges after stopping: If the medicine is stopped, most people regain some or all of the lost weight within a year.
This means that for long-term success, many people may need to continue semaglutide or switch to another strategy if they stop. Doctors stress that ongoing lifestyle changes are key, even if medication helps start the process.
Long-Term Outcomes With HCG
For HCG, research on long-term outcomes is very limited. Studies that do exist show:
- Short-term weight loss is mostly due to calorie restriction. People can lose weight quickly while eating 500–800 calories a day, but this type of diet is very hard to maintain.
- High chance of regaining weight. Once normal eating starts, most people regain the lost weight within months.
- Health risks of repeated cycles. Extreme calorie restriction can slow metabolism, reduce muscle mass, and lead to nutrient shortages. Repeated HCG cycles may increase these risks.
Overall, the evidence suggests HCG is not a reliable way to keep weight off long term.
Comparing Semaglutide and HCG for Long-Term Success
When looking at both treatments side by side, several key differences appear:
- Duration of use:
- Semaglutide is meant for long-term use under medical care.
- HCG is short-term and not approved for repeated cycles.
- Semaglutide is meant for long-term use under medical care.
- Weight regain:
- With semaglutide, weight regain happens mainly if the drug is stopped.
- With HCG, weight regain happens quickly once normal eating begins.
- With semaglutide, weight regain happens mainly if the drug is stopped.
- Sustainability:
- Semaglutide works best with gradual lifestyle changes.
- HCG relies on a very strict diet that is difficult to continue and may be unsafe.
- Semaglutide works best with gradual lifestyle changes.
- Evidence:
- Semaglutide has strong clinical trial evidence for weight loss and maintenance.
- HCG lacks strong scientific support and has warnings from health authorities.
- Semaglutide has strong clinical trial evidence for weight loss and maintenance.
The big difference between semaglutide and HCG is sustainability. Semaglutide, sold under brand names like Wegovy® and Ozempic®, is a long-term medical tool that can support lasting weight control when used with lifestyle changes. HCG is more of a short-term approach tied to extreme dieting, which often leads to temporary results and later weight regain.
For anyone considering these options, it is important to speak with a healthcare professional. Safe, long-term weight management usually requires a combination of medical support, balanced nutrition, and regular activity.
Key Differences Summarized
When comparing semaglutide and HCG for weight loss, it is important to look at them side by side in terms of how they work, how well they are proven to help, their safety, and their overall place in medical care. While both are discussed as options for people who want to lose weight, they are not equal. Below is a clear summary of their main differences.
How They Work
Semaglutide works by acting like a natural hormone in the body called GLP-1. This hormone helps control hunger, makes people feel full sooner, and slows down how quickly food leaves the stomach. Because of this, people taking semaglutide often eat less without feeling as hungry. It changes the way the body responds to food, which supports steady and meaningful weight loss.
HCG, on the other hand, is a hormone produced during pregnancy. In pregnancy, it helps the body maintain certain hormone levels that are important for the growing baby. In weight loss programs, HCG is usually paired with very low-calorie diets. The claim is that HCG makes the body burn fat while protecting muscle. However, studies have shown that HCG does not actually do this. The weight loss seen in HCG programs comes almost entirely from eating very few calories, not from the hormone itself.
Approval and Medical Legitimacy
Semaglutide is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under brand names such as Wegovy® and Ozempic®. This approval means that semaglutide was carefully studied in large groups of people. The research showed clear benefits for weight loss and safety when used under medical supervision.
HCG is very different in this regard. The FDA has not approved HCG for weight loss, and it has even released warnings against using it for this purpose. The FDA has also made it clear that products sold as HCG for weight loss are not legal and that the marketing of HCG for dieting is misleading and unsafe. This makes a major difference: semaglutide is backed by strong evidence and approval, while HCG is not.
How Effective They Are
Semaglutide has been shown in clinical studies to be very effective. Many people lose between 10 and 15 percent of their total body weight in one year, and some lose even more. This level of weight loss is much higher than what is usually seen with other medicines.
With HCG, studies do not show any real benefit beyond what would happen from following the very low-calorie diet alone. People may lose weight quickly during an HCG program, but this is due to extreme calorie restriction, sometimes as little as 500 calories per day. Because of this, the results are not linked to HCG itself. This also means the weight is often gained back once normal eating resumes.
Side Effects and Risks
Semaglutide can cause side effects, especially at the start of treatment. The most common are nausea, vomiting, constipation, or diarrhea. Most of these improve over time. There are rare but more serious risks, such as pancreatitis or gallbladder problems. Because of this, people taking semaglutide should do so under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
HCG injections themselves may not cause many direct side effects, but the problem lies in the diet plans that go with them. Very low-calorie diets can be dangerous. They may cause dizziness, fatigue, irregular heartbeats, or problems with electrolytes in the body. People on these diets may also develop gallstones, lose muscle, or become deficient in important vitamins and minerals. These risks make HCG diets unsafe for most people.
Cost and Access
Semaglutide is often expensive, costing more than one thousand dollars per month if it is not covered by insurance. Some insurance plans will cover the medication if the patient meets certain medical criteria, such as obesity or type 2 diabetes. Access to semaglutide is through licensed healthcare providers and pharmacies.
HCG programs are usually offered in private weight-loss clinics. They can also be costly, often requiring hundreds of dollars per month for injections, supplements, and medical visits. Because HCG for weight loss is not approved by the FDA, these costs are almost never covered by insurance. This makes both options expensive, but the difference is that semaglutide may be covered in some cases, while HCG almost never is.
Long-Term Use
Semaglutide is meant for ongoing use. Research shows that if people stop taking it, they often regain some or all of the weight they lost. This means it is more like a long-term tool for weight management rather than a quick fix.
HCG programs are short-term by design, lasting a few weeks at a time. Because they are so strict, most people cannot continue them for long. After finishing an HCG program, it is common for people to regain the weight they lost. There is no evidence that HCG helps maintain weight loss over the long term.
Semaglutide and HCG could not be more different. Semaglutide is a well-researched, FDA-approved medicine that helps people lose a large amount of weight in a safe and supervised way. HCG is not approved for weight loss, has no proven benefits, and is tied to unsafe diets that can harm health. The bottom line is that semaglutide is a legitimate medical option, while HCG is not recommended by experts and carries clear risks.
Conclusion
When comparing semaglutide and HCG for weight loss, the differences become very clear once you look at the science, the safety, and the way each treatment is used. Both have been talked about in weight loss communities, but they stand on very different ground when it comes to medical approval and proven results. This conclusion brings together the main points covered in the article so you can see the full picture side by side.
Semaglutide is a modern medicine developed to treat type 2 diabetes. Later, doctors and researchers found that it also caused strong weight loss benefits. Today, semaglutide is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for people living with obesity or overweight who also have health problems related to weight. The brand names Wegovy® and Ozempic® are now widely known. Clinical trials have shown that people taking semaglutide can lose on average about 10% to 15% of their starting body weight when it is combined with healthy eating and regular physical activity. This makes semaglutide one of the most effective medical treatments for obesity that is currently available.
On the other hand, HCG, or human chorionic gonadotropin, is a hormone that the body naturally makes during pregnancy. For many years, some clinics have offered HCG injections as part of a weight loss program. These programs usually require a very low-calorie diet, sometimes as little as 500 to 800 calories a day. The idea behind HCG diets was that the hormone would make it easier to burn fat while protecting muscle mass. However, the FDA has clearly stated that HCG is not approved for weight loss, and there is no solid scientific evidence that it works in this way. In fact, the weight loss seen with HCG diets almost always comes from the severe calorie restriction rather than the hormone itself.
When it comes to safety, semaglutide and HCG also have very different profiles. Semaglutide has known side effects, mostly related to the stomach and digestion, such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. There are also rare but serious risks like pancreatitis or gallbladder disease. Still, these risks are well studied, and the medicine is prescribed under medical supervision. For HCG, the risks are more linked to the extreme diet plans that go with it. Eating very few calories can lead to fatigue, dizziness, loss of muscle mass, and nutrient deficiencies. Long-term, it can even be harmful to the heart and other organs. Using HCG outside of approved medical uses, such as fertility treatments, carries risks without proven benefit.
Access and cost are another area where the two differ. Semaglutide can be expensive, sometimes costing more than $1,000 per month without insurance, although coverage is improving as obesity treatment becomes more recognized as a medical need. HCG programs are usually sold through weight loss clinics, often at lower upfront prices, but since they are not FDA-approved, they are not covered by insurance and are considered experimental. This means patients pay out of pocket, often without lasting results.
Another important difference is the long-term outcome. Semaglutide is meant to be used as part of a long-term plan for weight management. People may regain some weight after stopping the medicine, but research shows that continuing the treatment helps keep weight off over time. HCG diets, in contrast, are short cycles. Many people quickly regain the weight after the program ends, because the approach is not sustainable, and the body naturally reacts to extreme calorie limits by storing fat once normal eating resumes.
Overall, semaglutide and HCG are not equal choices. Semaglutide is an evidence-based, FDA-approved medication that shows strong and lasting weight loss when used with lifestyle changes. HCG, in contrast, is not supported by scientific evidence for weight loss, is not approved by the FDA for this purpose, and often relies on unsafe diet restrictions. The comparison shows a major gap between a modern, regulated treatment and an outdated practice that health experts warn against.
For anyone thinking about medical weight loss, the best step is to talk with a qualified healthcare provider. Obesity is a complex disease, and safe treatment requires careful planning and follow-up. While medicines like Wegovy® or Ozempic® may offer help, they are not quick fixes. They work best when combined with healthy eating, exercise, and support from medical professionals. On the other side, approaches like the HCG diet may seem attractive because of promises of fast results, but the risks and lack of scientific support make them unsafe for most people.
In the end, the key lesson is that weight loss is not just about the number on the scale—it is about long-term health and safety. Semaglutide offers a proven option that is backed by research and medical approval, while HCG does not. Anyone considering treatment should focus on what is safe, effective, and sustainable for their body and health in the years to come.
Research Citations
Wilding, J. P. H., Batterham, R. L., Calanna, S., Davies, M., Van Gaal, L. F., Lingvay, I., … Kushner, R. F. (2021). Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity. The New England Journal of Medicine, 384(11), 989–1002.
Wadden, T. A., Bailey, T. S., Billings, L. K., et al. (2021). Effect of subcutaneous semaglutide vs placebo as an adjunct to intensive behavioral therapy on body weight in adults with overweight or obesity (STEP 3). JAMA, 325(14), 1403–1413.
Rubino, D., Abrahamsson, N., Davies, M., et al. (2021). Effect of continued weekly subcutaneous semaglutide vs placebo on weight-loss maintenance in adults with overweight or obesity (STEP 4). JAMA, 325(14), 1414–1425.
Rubino, D. M., Greenway, F. L., Khalid, U., et al. (2022). Effect of weekly semaglutide vs daily liraglutide on body weight in adults with overweight or obesity without diabetes (STEP 8). JAMA, 327(2), 138–150.
Lincoff, A. M., Brown-Frandsen, K., Colhoun, H. M., et al. (2023). Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in obesity without diabetes (SELECT). The New England Journal of Medicine, 389, 2221–2232.
Lijesen, G. K. S., Theeuwen, I., Assendelft, W. J. J., & Van Der Wal, G. (1995). The effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the treatment of obesity by means of the Simeons therapy: A criteria-based meta-analysis. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 40(3), 237–243.
Stein, M. R., Julis, R. E., Peck, C. C., Hinshaw, W., Sawicki, J. E., & Deller, J. J., Jr. (1976). Ineffectiveness of human chorionic gonadotropin in weight reduction: A double-blind study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 29(9), 940–948.
Young, R. L., Fuchs, R. J., & Woltjen, M. J. (1976). Chorionic gonadotropin in weight control: A double-blind crossover study. JAMA, 236(22), 2495–2497.
Bosch, B., Venter, I., Stewart, R. I., & Bertram, S. R. (1990). Human chorionic gonadotrophin and weight loss: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. South African Medical Journal, 77(4), 185–189.
Greenway, F. L., & Bray, G. A. (1977). Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the treatment of obesity: A critical assessment of the Simeons method. Western Journal of Medicine, 127(6), 461–463.
Questions and Answers: Semaglutide versus HCG
Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that mimics the hormone GLP-1, helping regulate appetite, slow stomach emptying, and improve blood sugar control. This leads to reduced calorie intake and significant weight loss.
HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) is a hormone produced during pregnancy. Some weight loss protocols combine HCG injections with very low-calorie diets, though its direct effect on weight reduction is not scientifically supported.
Semaglutide (under brand names like Wegovy®) is FDA-approved for chronic weight management. HCG, however, is not FDA-approved for weight loss and the FDA has explicitly stated that HCG has no proven role in fat reduction.
Semaglutide has shown an average weight loss of 10–15% of body weight in large clinical trials. HCG has not demonstrated weight loss benefits beyond what is achieved by calorie restriction alone.
Semaglutide is typically given as a once-weekly subcutaneous injection. HCG is usually given as daily injections in weight loss protocols, though oral drops are sometimes marketed without evidence of effectiveness.
Semaglutide side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. HCG can cause headaches, mood changes, water retention, and—in men—testicular complications if misused.
Semaglutide has been studied extensively and is generally considered safe for long-term use under medical supervision. HCG for weight loss is not considered safe, as it requires extreme calorie restriction and has no proven metabolic benefit.
Semaglutide is expensive, often costing hundreds to over a thousand dollars per month without insurance. HCG is generally cheaper but still requires regular injections, and since it’s not FDA-approved for weight loss, insurance rarely covers it.
Semaglutide improves blood sugar control, lowers blood pressure, and reduces cardiovascular risk factors. HCG does not provide proven metabolic benefits beyond the calorie restriction that accompanies its diet protocols.
Semaglutide should be avoided by individuals with a history of medullary thyroid cancer, pancreatitis, or certain endocrine conditions. HCG should not be used for weight loss by anyone, but especially not by people at risk of hormone-sensitive cancers or those unwilling to follow very low-calorie diets.
